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Marketing Glossary90 terms

Terms that matter in modern marketing practice.

A/B Testing

Split Testing

A method of testing two variants against each other on real traffic to decide, data-based, which converts better - instead of guessing.

AEO

Answer Engine Optimisation

Shaping content so it is served directly as the answer - in the snippet, the voice assistant or the AI summary, rather than sitting in a list of links.

Agentic Workflow

The loop of perceiving, planning, acting and checking through which an AI agent works a task from start to finish on its own - rather than just answering a single input.

AI Agent

Software with a language model as its engine that completes tasks on its own - not a chat that answers, but a worker that delivers.

AI Bias

The systematic skew in AI outputs: models reproduce the distortions of their training data - and often amplify them.

AI Chatbot

A chatbot built on a language model: it understands freely worded questions instead of funnelling visitors through a click menu - and can qualify leads instead of merely answering.

AI Crawler

Automated bots AI providers use to read the web - block them in robots.txt and you become invisible to ChatGPT, Perplexity and the rest.

AI Overviews

Google AI Overviews / SGE

Google's AI-generated answer box above the classic results - it answers the query directly and shifts visibility from links to cited sources.

Anchor text

The clickable text of a link - the small piece of language that tells readers and search engines what to expect on the target page.

API

Application Programming Interface

The interface through which software talks to software - and which decides whether your tools form one system or a collection of islands.

Attribution

The assignment of a conversion to the marketing touchpoints that triggered it - the basis for knowing which channel earns the budget.

CAC

Customer Acquisition Cost

What it costs on average to win one paying customer - all marketing and sales costs divided by the number of new customers.

Churn Rate

Share of customers or revenue lost in a period. The one metric more marketing cannot repair.

Closed-Loop Feedback

Every critical response triggers a personal reply, not just a line in a dashboard. The loop only closes once the customer notices the change.

Cold Outreach

Active first contact with leads who haven't engaged yet - usually email or LinkedIn. Success depends on list quality, personalisation, domain reputation.

Content Audit

A systematic inventory of everything you have published: what performs, what has aged, what should go, and what deserves a second format.

Content Governance

The rules, ownership and sign-off steps behind who may publish what, and what every piece is checked against before it goes out.

Content Marketing

Strategic creation and distribution of valuable content to attract, retain and convert an audience - without primarily selling.

Content Repurposing

Turning one strong piece of content into many: repurposing translates a core piece into new formats and channels - instead of starting from zero every time.

Context window

The working memory of a language model: everything it can see at once in a single run. Whatever is not in there does not exist for the model.

Conversion Rate

Share of visitors who take a desired action. Realistic: 1-3% on B2B lead pages, 0.5-2% in e-commerce.

Core Web Vitals

Google's set of measurable performance metrics (LCP, INP, CLS) - a direct ranking factor and a lever for conversion at the same time.

CRM

Customer Relationship Management

The system and practice of keeping all contact, deal and history data in one place - the backbone of sales and customer care.

CRO

Conversion Rate Optimisation

Make more of the visitors you already have: CRO systematically optimises pages and flows so that visits turn into enquiries, sign-ups or purchases.

CTR

Click-Through Rate

The share of people who actually click after seeing a link, ad or search result - formula: clicks ÷ impressions.

Customer Effort Score

A question about effort rather than delight: how much work did this cost you? In service interactions the answer says more about repurchasing than satisfaction or stated willingness to recommend.

Customer Journey

The entire path a person travels from their first contact with your brand through to purchase and beyond - across all channels and touchpoints.

Customer segmentation

Grouping customers by attributes that genuinely change what you do: price, scope, channel, service level.

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